New	Clears the canvas and creates a new position, that is added to the recent project
Search	Opens the project search
Save	Saves the recent position including PDF as proof
Print	Prints the displayed report
PDF export	Exports the displayed report as PDF
Calculate	Accomplishes the calculation
First step	Goes back to the project details
Step back Next step	Previous processing step Next processing step
Last step	Goes to the result
Help	Activates this help
Quit	Quits the editor and saves the recent position

3 Project data

The project’s specifications are made here.

Positions are summarized per project.

4 Navigation - processes

With a click in the navigation bar you get to the particular processes.

Display of the sub-entries of the particular process

Display all sub-entries

Display only gists

5 Defaults

Menu „settings“à “Specifications” opens a window for the definition of Specifications.

The displayed specifications apply to the user. The change of the user saves the settings for the particular user.

Resets the specifications to default.

5.2 Limit of deflection

Zero means that the deflection is not relevant for the proof.

5.3 Loads

Here you can change factors of modification of the loads. They are preset with the values showed above.

5.4 Settings for the standard

5.4.1 Standard used

The version of DIN 18008-2 used can be specified here.

For more information on the settings, see:

è DIN 18008-2:2020-05

5.4.2 Vertical glazing: Only message "Deflection too large“

For vertical glazing, according to DIN 18008-2:2010-12 section 7.4 or

DIN 18008-2:2020-05 section 6.1.5, the decisive criterion is not the deflection criterion 1/100 of the span (or 1/65), but the remaining support width with existing chord shortening.

For this reason the standard display Proof OK appears with additional information on the maximum chord shortening:

With the following setting, the note Deflection too large can still be displayed:

5.5 Pre-assignment of glass, composite layer and SZR

New default settings for basic glass, laminated layer and gas for SZR:

When creating a new position, the glass, composite layer and SZR are preset with the stored standard settings.

5.6 Colour for glass types

In the starter in the settings, a colour can be defined for each glass type.

Default: light blue.

- Previous settings on the General tab

- New tab "Colours“

The colours appear in the respective programme modules and on the printout.

6 Project details

The data entered here appears in the heading of the proof:

7 Geometry

7.1 Pane

Number of panes.

The setting can also be modified under „product“:

7.2 Installation angle

Horizontal glazing Angle 0° to 79°

Walk On glazing only for horizontal angles

Vertical glazing Angle 80° to 100°

Securing glazing and distributed load are only available for vertical glazing.

Overhang Angle 101° to 180°

7.3 Shape(geometry)

Shape of the glass

Please note

For distributed load only rectangle is available
For membrane stress only rectangle is available

7.4 Support

Type of support

Please note

“Clamped below“ available only for single panes
Securing glazing according to category B is always “clamped below”

7.5 Measures

Depending on the form the different dimensions have to be quoted in mm.

7.6 Geometry in module Point fixing

In module Point fixing the number and position of the plate or clamp holders can be determined. There is a standard input editor and an expert editor available.
For calculating a point-fixed disc, only single glazing is possible.

For the simple, symmetrical arrangement of plate holder in the disk, the number of holders will be selected from the list, and the distance (ex and ey) of the plate holder to the glass edge in X and Y direction can be set.

With the symbol following window will appear:

The characteristics of the intermediate layer, marked yellow in the image, can be changed under support condition glass. be changed are modulus of elasticity, and thickness the material. These fields are preset with experience values.
The support conditions point fixing refers to the characteristics of the point holder. The diameter of the bore and the clamping plate often differs from the default values. The input fields c_z,x,ycontain the spring stiffness of the point fixing.

7.6.2 Expert

The Expert editor is separated in four parts:

1. Installation angle

2. Polygon

3. Storage

4. Point fixing

For 1. à The angle of installation can be set here

For 2. à Geometry of the glazing is defined here by the coordinates of the corners

For 3. à Here you can choose the support of the glazing between free, clamped and fixed

For 4. à Point fixings can be added with the icons, or by defining the coordinates of the drill holes. The point fixings can be put positioned at any place

New corners or point fixings can be added with the symbol

To delete any position, press

7.6.3 Grid input for point fixing

A grid input is available for positioning point fixing:

7.6.4 Reacton forces for FEM point fixing

In the GLASGLOBAL® FEM point support module, the output of the reaction forces F_z for the individual point fixing has been supplemented.

Settings

Output (last page printout proof)

7.7 Clamp mounting

Clamp mountings can be added with the button (next to the field Storage).

The following window will be opened:

By selecting the sides top, bottom, left and right, clamps can be added on the glass edge. They will appear in the sketch. In the box e [mm], the distance of the clamp holder to the glass edge is defined. The number of clamp holder on one side can be changed via the arrow symbols. The distance of the clamp holder is displayed in the column Distance.

The geometry of the clamp holder can be changed with the symbol in following window:

Input values here are:

dE = thickness of the interlayer from glass and clamp holder

E = E-modulus of the interlayer

a = length of glass in the clamp

b = length of the clamp holder

After you submit the clamp mounting, they will be added to the glazing.

The rim is divided into sections, and the support of the parts is set automatically. In the field Polygon you can see the coordinates of the coordinates, where the mounting changes.

7.8 Geometry in the module Walk on

7.8.1 Standard editor

The disk assembly may according to DIN 18008 part 5 consist only of VSG with at least three layers of glass. Therefore under disc is only single glazing adjustable.
As installation brackets are values from 0 ° -79 ° for selection.
Geometry and storage are selected from the list, and the dimension is entered in millimeters.

7.8.2 Expert editor

In the expert editor, the geometry of the glazing can be entered with the coordinates of the corners.
The sides can be supported individually (fixed, free, clamped).

7.9 Membrane stress

The calculation with membrane stress is only available under the following requirements and approved according to DIN 18008-1:

· Add-on „membrane stress“ was activated

· Shape rectangle

· Four-sided support

· No taking into account shear coupling with laminated safety glass

The consideration of the membrane stress is quoted in the proof::

8 Define structure - product

Single glazing, double and triple insulating glazing

Edit of the marked layer (glass or GD)

Alternatively double-click on the line in list or the layer in the drawing

Search predefined products.

On choosing a product the whole structure will be replaced.

See chapter „8.3 Search product“

Saves recent structure as product

See chapter “8.4 Save structure as product (only admin) “

By right-clicking on a layer of the drawing you get this context menu.

The menu entries correspond to the points described above.

Additionally there is the possibility to modify the thickness of the marked glass by choosing the feature „change thickness“, whereby the new thickness can be typed in directly:

8.1 Define pane

8.1.1 Type of glass

Set the type of glass here.

For laminated security glass only float, TSG (float) and TVG are available.

8.1.2 Single glazing

Specification of the thickness in mm

8.1.3 LSG

8.1.3.1 LSG symmetric

Specification of the thickness for the single glazing panes in mm

Thickness and type of interlayer

Number of glass panes and the consequent LSG structure

Substitute thicknesses for the calculation of the deflection (dw*) and the stress (ds*)

8.1.3.2 LSG asymmetric

With the new FEM-calculation it is possible to calculate asymmetric multilayer safety glass. The glazing can be made of max. 8 glass panes.

Therefore you just have to set the material and its thickness:

You can consider a shear coupling with asymmetric LSG, too. The thickness of the glass pane can be different by the factor 1.7 according to the standard. Otherwise the Thickness factor will be displayed red but a calculation is possible

8.1.3.3 Shear coupling at LSG

When the hook is set, the specification of the shear coupling of the interlayer in N/mm² can be made.

Requirements:

· Only rectangle

· No membrane stress

· Number LSG panes = 2 in module Standard and Fall protection

· Up to 8 glass panes when calculating symmeric LSG

· For FEM-calculation: 8 glass panes with asymmetric structure possible

Please note

· Additional to “total bond” and “without bond” the LSG will be calculated “with thrust module”.

· The calculation “with thrust module” has no influence on the results of verification (OK, stress/deflection too big).

è In individual cases the user has to decide, if a fulfilled proof “with thrust module” replaces a not fulfilled proof „without bond“.

Output at the proof:

8.1.4 Basis glass

The basis glass functions among other things as definition of the producer.

At it the spectral data of the quoted basis glass will be used.

Refreshes search result in accordance with justified filter

Resets filter and refreshes search result

Deletes marked basis glass (only user-defined, only admin)

Edit basis glass (only user-defined, only admin)

Define new basis glass. The input will be made with the following interface:

Spectral data SLT

Link to existing basis glass, whose spectral data is supposed to be used for a later calculation in the WINSLT® module.

Type of glass preallocation

The type of glass will be pre-allocated with the value defined here on choice of this basis glass.

8.2 Define gap

Thickness GD in mm

Choice of the gas from predefined mixtures of gases

Height of the secondary seal in mm

This specification has no influence on the proof and acts only as an information.

For the calculation in the module WinUw the spacer settled here will be used.

8.3 Search product

Refreshes search result in accordance with appointed filter

Resets filter and refreshes search result

Deletes marked product (only user-defined, only admin)

Edit of the product data (only user-defined, only admin)

Replaces recent structure with marked product.

8.4 Save structure as product (only admin)

Using this feature the recent structure can be saved as a product.

SLT Product is available under WINSLT®

GlasGlobal Product is available under GLASGLOBAL®

IDENT Clear specific value for the product. Is specified by the program.

9 Securing glazing

Here the specifications for the proof of securing glazing will be made according to DIN 18008-4.

The chosen category appears on the first page of the proof:

GlasGlobal14_ko

9.1 Category A

GlasGlobal15_ko

Restrictions:

1. Single glazing has to consist of laminated security glass.

2. For the load side (attack side) of insulating glass units it is only permitted to use laminated security glass, toughened glass or laminated glass consisting of toughened glass.

3. Generally at least one pane of an insulating glass unit has to consist of laminated security glass.

4. Insulating glass units with toughened glass at the attack side may contain roughly breaking types of glass (e.g. float glass) immediately behind this pane, if there does not occur a breakage of glass of the attack sided toughened glass pane at the pendulum load test.

9.2 Category B

GlasGlobal16_ko

9.2.1 Restrictions

1. Only laminated security glass usable

2. Only single panes

3. Support is always “clamped below“

9.2.2 Proof failure element

According to DIN 18008-4, 6.1.2 for category B the failure of a random element of the glass balustrades has to be additionally proved.

Please note:

· γ_mfrom specifications

· f_k taking into account factors IAW DIN 18008-1, 8.3.8 and 8.3.9

· γ_G/Q = 1

· Laminated security glass is calculated without bond

· Only loading case distributed load will be proved

At the protected edges only the failure of a laminated security glass layer has to be proved. The proof of the remaining laminated security glass layer(s) will be accomplished with the quoted distributed load.

At the unprotected edges the failure of the whole element has to be proved.

· The neighboring pane, that must also carry the additional load resulting from the failure, has the same structure

· Proof for an efficient width b_eff= 0,5 m

· Proof with additional load q_z = distributed load * width_failure / b_eff

Neighboring element has to carry whole failure load

q(Proof) = q_z * (1 + width_failure/ b_eff)

Neighboring element has to carry only half the failure load

q(Proof) = q_z * (1 + width_failure/ (2 * b_eff))

9.3 Category C1

GlasGlobal21_ko

Restrictions:

1. Only laminated security glass usable

2. Only single panes

9.4 Category C2

GlasGlobal22_ko

Restrictions:

1. All single glazing has to be accomplished with laminated security glass. Differing here from four-sided linear stored single glazing of the category C2 may be accomplished with toughened glass.

2. For insulating glass units of the category C2 for the load side only laminated security glass, toughened glass or laminated glass consisting of toughened glass has to be used.

9.5 Category C3

GlasGlobal23_ko

Restrictions:

1. All single glazing has to be accomplished with laminated security glass.

2. For glazing of the category C3 concerning the usable glass products the requirements of category apply.

9.6 Proof of shock resistance

For the proof of the shock resistance the following procedure applies:

1. Proof according to DIN 18008-4, attachment B

2. Proof according to DIN 18008-4, attachment C.2, if attachment B is not fulfilled

3. If neither attachment B nor C.2 are fulfilled, an appropriate hint will be made under the result:

9.6.1 Tabular method (DIN 18008-4, attachment B)

Requirements:

· Geometry is inside of the admissible deviation of rectangular shape according to attachment B

· Min GD = 12mm

· Max GD = 20 mm

· No enameling

· The structure suits the values in DIN 18008-4, table B.1

Please note:

Please remember that the direction from attack to crash side is defined by the setting according to „distributed load“:

Output at the editor:

Output at the proof:

GlasGlobal79_ko

9.6.2 Simplified verification procedure (DIN 18008-4, attachment C.2)

Requirements:

· Geometry is inside of the admissible deviation from rectangular shape to attachment B

· Min GD = 12mm

· Only two-, three- and four-sided support -> not possible for category B

· Glass thicknesses: min. 1 x 6 mm, max. 2 x 19 mm

· Four-sided: maximal b = 2,0 m; h = 4,0 m

· Two-/three-sided: only cat. C, min. b = 0,7m; max. b = h = 2,0 m

Please note:

· γ_G/Q = 1

· R_d = k_mod * f_k / γ_m

f_kwithout taking into account factors IAW DIN 18008-1, 8.3.8 and 8.3.9

k_modfrom table C.1 (DIN 18008-4)

γ_m = 1

· Laminated security glass will be calculated with total bond

· Proof of load capacity with point load P = 8,5 kN on an area of 20 x 20 cm in slab middle

Output at the editor:

GlasGlobal80_ko

Output at the proof (result, 1.side):

GlasGlobal81_ko

Output at the proof (after the loading cases, last side):

GlasGlobal82_ko

9.6.3 Size matrix

The proof of impact resistance DIN 18008-4 Appendix B or C.2 is now also taken into account in the size matrix.

If the ultimate and serviceability limit state design has been performed for a dimension, but not the impact resistance and residual capacity design, this is indicated by ">>P" for "pendulum impact"

10 Wind load and snow load

10.1 General

10.1.1 Wind loads according to EN 1991-1-4

Please note:

· Restriction to building up to a maximal height of 300 m and vibratory buildings (up to a height of 25 m (generally not prone to vibrations)

· Transgression probability: 2 %

· Return period: 50 years

Dependences:

· Geographic situation (wind zone), terrain conditions (terrain category) and wind velocity

· Layout of the building

· Height of the building

· Location of the subarea in the building

· Wind direction

· Opening in the building

Wind load

in kN/m²

With: = wind load in kN/m²

= aerodynamic coefficient (Depending on: area of the unit, location of the unit in the building, relation between height and depth of the building downwind, roof pitch, wind direction)

= Dynamic pressure (Depending on: wind zone, terrain category, datum level)

= Datum level (Depending on: Relation between height and width of the building across the wind direction, installation height of the unit)

10.1.2 Snow loads according to EN 1991-1-3

Please note:

· Counts for edificial constructions, generally up to 1500 m above sea level

· Transgression probability: 2 %

· Return period: 50 years

Dependences:

· Place with the local clime and the topographic height

· Construction geometry

Snow load:

With: = Snow load in kN/m²

= Shape parameter of the snow load (Describes the relation between the amount of snow on top of the roof and the fallen amount of snow)

= characteristic value of the snow load on the ground in kN/m²

10.1.3 Wind- and Snow load in module Walk on

Calculations in de module GLASGLOBAL® Walk on do not consider wind or snow loads for the calculation.

10.2 Open module

The invocation is made in the tree with “wind- / snow-load”:

Please note:

The in the following described features are only available, if the Addon “wind- / snow-load” has been activated. Otherwise the functionality is limited to a manual input of the resulting wind and snow loads.

10.3 Installation place

10.3.1 Load influence area

The load influence area A will be preallocated corresponding to the glass dimensions typed in under “Geometry”.

DIN EN 1991-1-4, 7.2.1

The external pressure coefficients c_pefor buildings and sections of buildings depend on the size of the load influence area A. They will be quoted in the decisive tables for load influence areas from 1 m² and from 10 m² as c_pe,1 resp. c_pe,10that correspond to the building form.

For 1 m² < A < 10 m² is valid:

c_pe = c_pe,1 - (c_pe,1 -c_pe,10) log₁₀ A

10.3.2 Location information

Sets street, post code and city from the project details and subsequently retrieves the related data in the location information.

Opens the post code register.Here, wind zone, snow load zone, local altitude above sea level and indicators for North German Plain will be detected.

Retrieves the quoted address with Google Maps

Displays the quoted address with Google Earth.

Requirement is the installation of Google Earth.

In Google Earth the local altitude above sea level can be read:

10.3.3 Terrain categories

Terrain category I

High seas; Seas with at least 5 km free area downwind; smooth flat land without obstacles

Terrain category II

Terrain with hedges, single homesteads, houses or trees, e.g. agricultural territory

Terrain category III

Suburbs, industrial or commercial area; woods

Terrain category IV

Urban areas, where at least 15 % of the surface is built on with buildings, whose average height exceeds

15 m

10.3.4 Snow load zones

Opens map to the manual choice of the snow load zone:

10.3.5 Wind/snow load -> indoor application

Under wind/snow loads a button "indoor application" has been added:

Unbenannt1

The button sets the wind and snow loads to "manual" and the loads to "0,00":

10.4 Buildings

Building dimensions

Determination the building dimensions

Internal pressure

The internal pressure will only be considered, if it is a hall-like building. Please quote the amount of apertures on the walls 1 to 4 each time under “Wall open”.

With “Opening height Zi” you quote the reference height for the calculation of the internal pressure.

When you choose “Hall-like building”, there appears an additional result window for the internal pressure on the tab “Analysis”.

10.5 Unit/roof

Unit

Here you choose the unit, in which the window will be built into.

The roof pitch will be set to the installation angle from “Geometry”.

Position of installation

Position of the glazing inside the unit

Jump in height

Specifications to the determination of the snow load at jumps in height at roofs according to DIN EN 1991-1-4, 5.3.6.

b₁ Width tall part of the building

b₂ Width low part of the building

b₃ Width of the load from that the snow can slip down to the low part of the building

h_HHeight of the height difference

α_H Roof pitch of the taller part of the building

l_s Length of the drifting

l_s = 2 * h_H

whereby 5 ≤ l_s≤ 15 m

µ₁ = 0,8

µ_sShape parameter for slipping snow

µ_w Shape parameter for snow taking account of wind

µ₂= µ_s + µ_w

Calculating µ_s

α_H≤ 15°:

µ_s = 0

α_H> 15°:

µ_shas to be calculated by means of an additional load of 50% of the largest entire snow load on the bordering roof pitch of the upper roof area. This entire snow load will be steadily set with µ₁ = 0,8, also for roof pitches >30°, so that there will not be calculated a load, where several parts of the snow load are already slipped down.

It is accordingly clear: 0,5 * b₃ * 0,8 * s_K = 0,5 * µ_s * s_K * l_s

And here from: µ_s = 0,8 * b₃ / l_s

Calculating µ_w

H_H≤ 0,5 m

µ_w = 0

H_H> 0,5 m

µ_w = (b₁ + b₂) / 2h_H≤ 2h_H / s_K - µ_s

Margin µ₂

Generally: 0,8 ≤µ₂≤ 2,4

For b₂≤ 3 m: 0,8 ≤µ₂≤ 2

For s_K> 3,0 kN/m²: 1,2 ≤µ₂≤ 6,45 / s_K^0,9

North Ger. Plain 2,3 * µ₂≤ 4 which indicates µ₂≤ 1,74

10.6 Add-On Porch

In this add-on canopies/porches according to DIN EN 1991-1-4 / NA, Attachment NA.V can be calculated.

To obtain the maximum wind load with a canopy, the edge distance must be set ux= 0.
The calculated wind load is independent of the wind direction and is equal for all wind directions.
Intermediate values in DIN EN 1991-1-4 / NA, Table NA.V for the proportion between h_v / h and h_v / d_v (upward load) are interpolated

To determine the snow load, the height difference can be considered.

10.7 Analysis

The parameters for the wind and snow loads will be summarized here.

Snow

si = µ * sk quotes the value for the snow load on the roof

si*cos²a snow load on the roof multiplied with the cos²a for considering the effective snow load of the roof

Wind

Resulting loads for the loading cases pressure and suction

10.7.1 Manual input

When the hooks at “Manual input” are set according to the foregoing values, the snow and wind loads can be typed in manually.

10.7.2 Superposition wind outside and inside

The superposition of outside and inside will be made according to following schema:

1. Loading case pressure

Determination maximal pressure outside
Determination related suction inside

2. Loading case suction

Determination maximal suction outside
Determination related pressure inside

Output at “Experts term”, example double:

11 Climate stress

Unless specific data is used, the default values will apply.

12 Altitude

Without

No loads

Default attributes

Without knowing the production amount and installation height, the default attributes have to be used

Producing height known

Determination of the production height with location info or postcode

Height of installation known

Determination of the installation height with location info or postcode

Both heights known

Determination of the production amount and installation height with location info or postcode

13 Uniform load

Restrictions

· Only for vertical glazing

· Only for rectangles

Entries

· Attack height in m

· Load in kN/m

· Side of the load application (inner or outer pane)

14 Payload

A definition of the payload is only necessary in the module Walk on. Here is a table in the standard (DIN EN 1991-1-1 / NA, Tab. 6.1DE), which differentiates areas by categories of use. These are:

Values for payload can be changed by own values. The location, where the load attacks can also be changed.

You can look for the loads in following table:

Category	Usage type	Examples	q_k [kN/m²]	Q_k⁵⁾ [kN]
A1	Attic	Accessible attic with heights up to 1.80m, not suitable as living space	1,0	1,0
A2	Living-/Meeting room	Ceiling with enough lateral distribution of the loads, rooms and corridors in residential buildings, hotel rooms and bed rooms in hospitals	1,5	-
A3	Living-/Meeting room	Like A2, but without enough lateral distribution of the loads	2,0³⁾	1,0
B1	Office-/Work areas, Corridors, Hallways	Corridors in office buildings, office areas, medical practice without heavy equipment, meeting rooms, small domestic animal stable	2,0	2,0
B2		Cellar rooms in residential buildings, corridors/kitchen in hospitals, hotels, retirement homes, treatment rooms in hospitals, surgery rooms without heavy equipment.	3,0	3,0
B3		Like B1 and B2, but with heavy equipment	5,0	4,0
C1	Meeting rooms, Areas for gathering of people (Exception: in A,B,D,L defined categories)	Areas with tables, e.g. kindergarten, classrooms, cafés, restaurants, reception rooms, staff rooms	3,0	4,0
C2		Areas with fixed seating, e.g. in churches, theaters, cinemas, lecture halls, waiting rooms, congress rooms	4,0	4,0
C3		Free passable areas, e.g. museum areas, exhibition halls, public entrance areas, hotels, corridors for areas which belong to category C1-C3	5,0	4,0
C4		Sport- and playgrounds, e.g. dance halls, sport halls, gymnastic and fitness rooms, stages	5,0	7,0
C5		Areas for large gathering of people, e.g. concert halls, terraces, entrance halls, stance with fixed seating	5,0	4,0
C6		Areas with regular use because of large gathering of people, stands without fixed seating	7,5	10,0
D1	Salesroom	Areas of salesrooms up to 50 m² area in residential and office buildings or similar	2,0	2,0
D2		Areas in retail stores and department stores	5,0	4,0
D3		Like D2, but with increased concentrated loads because of high storage racks	5,0	7,0
E1.1	Storages, Workshops, Factories, Stables	Areas in factories/workshops¹⁾ with low or middle activity	5,0	4,0
E1.2		General storage areas, libraries	6,0²⁾	7,0
E2.1		Areas in factories/workshops¹⁾ with middle or high activity	7,5²⁾	10,0
T1⁴⁾	Stairs/Stair landing	Stairs and landings in residential and office buildings, medical practice without heavy equipment	3,0	2,0
T2⁴⁾		All stairs and landings which are not comply with T1 and T3	5,0	2,0
T3⁴⁾		Access and stairs of stands without fixed seating, which serve as escape route	7,5	3,0
Z⁴⁾	Balcony, Accesses, or similar	Roof terrace, balcony, loggia	4,0	2,0
¹⁾Payloads in factories and workshops are considered predominantly static. In individual cases, often repetitive loads are classified according to the circumstances as not predominantly static loads. ²⁾These values are minimum values. In cases with higher loads, the higher loads apply. ³⁾For the transmission of loads in rooms with ceilings without adequate lateral distribution on supporting components, the specified value can de decreased by 0.5 kN / m². ⁴⁾ With the combinations of actions, the effects of the use category of the building or building unit must be assigned. ⁵⁾If the proof of the local minimum carrying capacity is required (e.g. as in components without adequate lateral distribution of loads), the proof has to be performed with the characteristic values for the concentrated load Qk without superposition q_k with the area load. The area for Q_k includes a square with a side length of 50 mm.

15 Load case combinations

Display of the load cases for the procedure of furnishing proof:

Adds a user-defined load case. The input will be made on the following interface:

Deletes the selected load case (only user-defined)

Edit marked load case (only user-defined)

Resets load cases to default

(or double-click on line)

Load case Print yes/no

Sets all load cases on Print = Yes

Sets all load cases on Print = No

15.1 Load case glass break

It is possible to define an own load case to calculate the case that an upper glass pane will break in an insulated glass and the shards will lay on the pane below. The load cases for a glass break are preset. There is also the possibility to define such a load case by the user. Therefore you have to select a load case B1 to B3:

Afterwards please click on the button to add a new load case. A window to enter the psi-values will be opened.

The case “break of the outer pane” (DIN 18008-2, 5.8) is an out of the ordinary load (EN 1055-100, 9.4, Gl. 15).

With A_d = own weight of the shards, following load cases (preset in GLASGLOBAL®) are resulting (OW = own weight):

Height under 1000m

B1: OW + OW shards + snow (psi₁=0.2) [+ wind (psi₂=0)] kmod = middle (0.4)

B2: OW + OW shards + wind pressure (psi₁=0.2) [+ snow (psi₂=0)] kmod = short (0.7)

B3: OW + OW shards kmod = constantly (0.25)

Height over 1000m:

B1: OW + OW shards + snow (psi₁=0.5) [+ wind (psi₂=0)] kmod = middle (0.4)

B2: OW + OW shards + wind pressure (psi₁=0.2) [+ snow (psi₂=0.2)] kmod = short (0.7)

B3: OW + OW shards kmod = constantly (0.25)

15.2 North German lowlands

Another load out of the ordinary, north German lowlands, can be set in the field wind and snow load. The load cases are shown in the load case combinations with the designation “S1” – “S4”. They are added automatically. Own load cases can be add with the symbol , like described in chapter 15.1.

16 Result

Above the workspace the overall result is displayed:

The tab “Result” displays the preview of the detailed report.

The output will be made with following buttons in the toolbar:

Output on printer

Export as PDF file

Proof (without sketches)

Static proof including the list of the particular load cases without sketches

Wind / Snow load

The printout shows all important data for determination of those loads, as like the resulting wind pressure, suction and snow load

Experts term - sustainability

Detailed assembly of the particular load cases for stress analysis

Experts term - usability

Detailed assembly of the particular load cases for deflection analysis

Proof (deflection sketches)

Static proof including the list of the particular load cases, each time with deflection sketch

Result detail

Overview about the particular load cases

All green lines are in the admissible area, all red lines exceed the maximally admissible values.

Proof (FEM Images)

If you calculate a project with the module Point fixing or Walk on, due to the FEM calculation, there is an additional result printout. This includes for each load case a color gradient image of stress and deflection.

On the last page of this printout is a FEM-sheet that represents the main characteristics and the generated FEM grid.

17 Additional results

17.1 String shortening

Please note:

· Will be calculated automatically

· Specification of the load case whereby the maximal deflection and therefore the maximal string shortening occurs.

· max. string shortening = 8 * f_max² / (3 * supporting width)

Output at the proof (result, 1. site):

17.2 Edge seal - edge load

Here the maximum edge load for the edge seal is determined. GLASGLOBAL® determines the edge load on the safe side with the coefficient for rectangles. For square formats there would be lower edge loads.

18 DIN 18008-2:2020-05

In GLASGLOBAL® the proof has been updated according to white print DIN 18008:2020-05.

According to DIN 18008-2:2020-05, the partial safety factors on the exposure side and partly also on the reaction side may be reduced for multiple-glazed units (MIG) with a surface area of ≤ 2 m².

It can be assumed that this is a "rule of technology". However, the application must be discussed with the client.

18.1 Requirements

MIG up to 0,4 m²

MIG up to 2 m² with the following minimum thicknesses:

- 4 mm for monolithic single glasses

- 3 mm for monolithic single glasses made of TVG or ESG

- Laminated safety glass made of 2 mm single panes

- 2 mm for monolithic single panes of TVG or ESG in the inter-pane cavity of triple MIG

18.2 Settings

The specification of the underlying standard is defined in the specifications:

DIN 18008-2:2010-12

Previously used and currently still valid version of the standard

Draft DIN 18008-2:2020-05

White print of the standard. Its use should be agreed with the client.

The user can also determine the depth of verification:

The set detection depth is indicated in the result display and in the printout:

18.3 Flow chart

18.4 Display in program and printout

If calculations are carried out according to the new draft standard, this is clearly indicated in the mask and on the printout:

Notification upon verification according to 6.1.4 1)

Notification upon verification according to 6.1.4 2) and 6.1.4 3)

18.5 Glassthickness 2 mm

According to DIN 18008-1:2020-05, an increased partial safety factor γM must be applied for the thickness of the individual glass sheets of 2 mm.

è Thermally toughened glass (DIN 18008-1:2020-05, 8.3.6)

γM = 1.6 (instead of 1.5)

è Glasses without scheduled thermal tempering (DIN 18008-1:2020-05, 8.3.7)

γM = 1.9 (instead of 1.8)

The increase of the values for γM is taken into account by GLASGLOBAL®.

19 Proposal module

19.1 Glass thicknesses

Here the possible glazing thicknesses outside and inside will be detected, for whom the static proof with the recently lodged loads is fulfilled.

For LSG is the thickness of the individual disk specified.

GlasGlobal66_ko

Thicker pane preferably outside resp. on top

Both panes same thickness

Thicker pane preferably inside resp. below

Glass thicknesses, for whom the proof is not fulfilled, will not be diplayed

Take over glass thicknesses and accomplish proof

19.1.1 Suggestion module - filter total thickness

The suggestion module was extended by a filter for the total thickness. If the filter is activated, only superstructures whose total thickness, including SDR and composite layers, lies within the specified range are displayed.

19.2 Size of Matrix

Here the results (utilization in %) for the recently lodged loads depending on width and height will be displayed.

Values <= 100% green

Values> 100% red

Matrix for stress (load capacity)

Matrix for deflection (usability)

Colour gradient from green via orange to red

Colours only green and red

Take over dimensions and accomplish proof

Exports displayed matrix to Excel

20 FEM graphic interface

In FEM images in the navigation, you can show the results of the calculation graphically when you calculate in Point fixing or Walk on module. Therefore we choose in the navigation from the list "FEM graphics".

In the header of the graphic interface the displayed load case can be selected. You can choose between stress and deflection, and which disc you want to display.
Using the mouse wheel can rotate the graphic freely in any direction, and the deflection can be increased by any factor.

Left mouse button: rotation

Right mouse button: move the pane

Mouse wheel: zoom in/out

21 New FEM Kernel

In GLASGLOBAL® FEM a new calculation kernel was implemented.

So far version 05 was used here.

Now the used version can be defined in the defaults (default = 08).

Version 08 leads to better results due to the finer meshing.

Version 05 Version 08

The version used is indicated in the calculation window and on the printout

21.1 Grid input point holder

A new grid input was defined for the positioning of point holders.

22 Project management

The position will be summarized for a project.

22.1 Change project

1. Button in the toolbar

2. Choice of the project using the following interface

Refreshes search result according to justified filter

Resets filter and refreshes search result

Deletes marked project incl. all positions (only admin)

3. Confirm with OK

22.2 Change position

The change between the positions happens by clicking on the requested position on the list.

22.3 Generate new position

Generates a new empty position

22.4 Copy current position

Generates a new position as a copy of the current position

22.5 Delete position

Deletes current position

22.6 Rename project

Changes the description for the current project for all related positions:

22.7 New project

Generates a new project with quoted description:

22.8 Copying entire projects

Unbenannt A new function for copying a project including all associated positions has been added in the project search:

22.9 Export / Import

The following new export/import functions have been implemented:

- Export Projekt
Exports selected items of a project to a ZIP fil

- Import Projekt
Imports items from a ZIP file.

- Export PDFs Projekt
Creates PDFs of selected items and merges them into one PDF if necessary.

22.9.1 Menü

22.9.2 Toolbar in the position list

Export Projekt

Export PDFs Projekt

22.9.3 Export project

Input fields:

- File path (required field):
Storage location of the ZIP file.
The user can select the file path via the button.

- Password (optional):

The contents of the ZIP file can be encrypted with a password.

- Positions:
Positions of the project that are exported to the ZIP file,
preset: all positions
You can select or deselect all positions via the top tick.
At least one position must be selected.

After clicking the button, SommerGlobal creates a ZIP file with the selected items.

22.9.4 Import project

Input fields:

- File path (required field):
Location of the ZIP file

- Password (optional):
Password for the ZIP file if its contents are encrypted.

- Projekt (required field):
Name of the project under which the positions are added.

After clicking the button, SommerGlobal creates the items contained in the ZIP file in the database.

22.9.5 Export PDFs

Input fields:

- File path (required field):
Storage location for PDF file(s). Via the button, the user can

either folder path for separate PDF files

or file path for the merged PDF file

- Positions:
Positions of the project whose PDFs are exported,
preset: all positions
You can select or deselect all positions via the top tick.

At least one position must be selected

- Combine PDFs into one file

A fter clicking on the button

- SommerGlobal calculates each selected position,

- creates PDF file and

- merges the individual PDF files if the corresponding option is selected by the user.

Single PDF files:

Merged PDF file:

23 Sign rules

24 Sound database

24.1 Glossary

Evaluated sound insulation dimension R¬¬w

Rw is the sound reduction index of a building component, evaluated on the basis of a standard curve (to take human hearing into account).

It is given in dB.

Spectrum matching values C; Ctr

According to EN ISO 717-1, the spectrum adaptation values C and Ctr ("tr" for road traffic "traffic") denote a value in decibels that must be added to the singular Rw to take a specific sound spectrum into account.

The complete specification of the sound insulation of a component is given as follows:

Rw (C; Ctr) = 40 (-2; -5) dB

24.2 Product search on the main screen

The sound database can be called up in the main mask by clicking the following button:

You will receive a list of the deposited products for sound insulation:

è Setting the filters and searches

è „Rw", "Rw + C >=" and "Rw + Ctr >="

The required sound insulation value is taken as the minimum value and all products with a sound insulation value higher or equal to the specification are listed.

è Shows deposited PDF, e.g. test certificate, expert opinion

è Button only available if PDF is available

è Edit product

è Only for custom products and editors is Admin

è Delete product

è Only for custom products and editors is Admin

Selection of the product

è Select the marked product by clicking "OK

è or double click on product line

è Transfer of the sound insulation values and the product name to the main mask of the editor

Sort

è When you click on a heading, the list is sorted according to the column clicked on

24.3 Product search

To select a product, proceed as follows:

è Call up product search:

è The product search is displayed

è The available functions are described under point 2

24.4 Determining Rw from database

When searching the database, the type of gas in the SDR is not taken into account.

To determine the sound insulation value for an existing glass structure from the database, proceed as follows:

è Call up product search

è Display of the products that match the current structure

For products to be displayed with a sound insulation film (e.g. "..|PHON..NC"), the design must also include a sound insulation film (e.g. Trosifol® SC Monlayer or Multilayer) in the specification.

1 Default = current structure

2 Larger SDR allowed: products with a larger SDR (orange) are also displayed. Check is off by default because the comparison is on the insecure side.

3 User-defined only displays only products that have been saved by the user.

4 Legend for the individual colors

The nature of the gas in the SDR is not taken into account.

The structure is identical to the specification, i.e. all thicknesses (glass, SDR and composite layers) are the same.

All thicknesses (glass and SDR) match. The composite layers are not taken into account. For laminated safety glass, monolithic panes of the same thickness are also determined without taking the composite layers into account.

Only monolithic panes of the same thickness are determined for monolithic panes.

At least one glass thickness or SDR is less than the specification. The composite layers are not taken into account.

At least one SDR is greater than the specification and the glass thicknesses are less than or equal to the specification. The composite layers are not taken into account.

5 Search result

è Select a product and confirm with OK

è Existing values can be deleted with the button

è A manual entry is made directly into the input fields:

24.5 Printout

è Result

Rw is only shown on the printout if a value has been stored:

24.6 Define product

User-defined products are stored as follows:

è Define pane structure

è Save the current slice structure as a product:

è Enter product data

Link an existing document in the database to the product

Modify an existing document in the database

Delete a document link

è Store documents (PDF) (optional)

load document

delete document

Save document as

Note

The documents are saved as copies in the database "SiProjekte.gdb".

The original file remains unaffected.

25 DIN 18008-6: Accessible and fall-through resistant glazing

25.1 General

According to DIN 18008-6 the addon "Betretbar" was implemented in GLASGLOBAL®.

In DIN 18008-6 the following types of glazing are distinguished:

- Accessible glazing

Glazings which can be entered for maintenance work (e.g. cleaning)

- Crash-proof glazing

Glazings that are not accessible to pedestrians and are located near areas that can be entered for maintenance work.

25.2 New project

The Addon for DIN 18008-6 is called up in the main mask via the following button:

In the following, only the entries that differ from the basic module (18008-1, -2) are described.

25.2.1 Geometry

The geometry is limited to rectangular discs supported on all sides.

According to DIN 18008-6, values from 0° to 100° are possible for the installation angle.

25.2.2 Product

Specifications according to DIN 18008-6:

- The regulations of DIN 18008-2 or 3 apply

- Use of wired glass is excluded

- ESG or VSG should be used for the top pane of multiple-pane insulating glass

25.2.3 Accessible/fall through

Accessible with snow

Glazing should also be walked on in snow

Single load is superimposed with snow load when the load-bearing capacity is verified (Ψ0 = 1.00)

Accessible without snow

Glazing should not be stepped on when there is snow

Single load is not superimposed with snow load when the load-bearing capacity is verified

Fail-safe

Glazings that are not accessible to pedestrians and are located near areas that can be entered for maintenance work.

Single load

According to DIN 18008-6, the static proof for a substitute person load of 1.5 kN distributed over a contact area of 100 mm X 100 mm must also be provided.

25.3 Printout

25.3.1 Inputs

The entries for accessible or fall-through resistant glazing are made on the first page:

25.3.2 Verification of bearing capacity

Following the standard load cases, the load cases for the individual load are displayed. It is not necessary to check the serviceability here.

25.3.3 Verification of load resistance and residual strength

The verification is carried out according to DIN 18008-6, Appendix B.

If the mathematical verification is not provided, the results text refers to the necessity of an experimental component test.

The results of the verification according to Annex B are given at the end of the printout.

In the case of multiple-pane insulating glass, only the bottom pane is always to be verified here.

25.3.3.1Accessible glazing

Lower pane

è Intact glazing: P = 12.7 kN (basic energy 225 Nm)

è Upper disc broken: P = 8.5 kN (basic energy 100 Nm)

25.3.3.1 Crash-proof glazing

Lower pane

è All VSG layers are applied

è P (basic energy 225 Nm) for installation angle = 0° (horizontal)

è P (basic energy 100 Nm) for installation angle 90° ± 10 ° (vertical)

è Intermediate values (0° to 80°) are interpolated linearly

è Multi-pane insulating glass, ratio thickness upper to lower pane

è ≤ 1.5: Point load with 50% of the base energy

è > 1.5: Point load with 100% of the base energy

25.3.3.2 Addition under "Break “

For the category "Accessible", the load case for "Weight + single load" was added under "Break":

For "fall-through proof" no individual load must be verified under "breakage".

25.3.4 Result display

The result display has been changed as follows:

If the verification of load resistance and residual load capacity according to DIN 18008-6, Appendix B is not fulfilled, this is now displayed more clearly:

25.3.5 Size matrix

The verification of impact resistance and residual load capacity according to DIN 18008-6, Appendix B is now also taken into account in the size matrix.

If the ultimate and serviceability limit state design has been performed for a dimension, but not the impact resistance and residual capacity design, this is indicated by ">>P" for "pendulum impact".

26 General design approval Z-70.3-267 (DIBt)

According to the general type approval number Z-70.3-267 (DIBt)

https://www.dibt.de/pdf_storage/2021/Z-70.3-267%281.70.3-9%2121%29.pdf

values for k_mod deviating from DIN 18008-1 may be used for linearly mounted glazing made of multiple-pane insulating glass.

1. Menu -> Settings -> Defaults

2. Set settings:

3. A note on the changed k_mod- values is made in the results overview:

4. A note appears on the printout and in the editor:

Notes

è The processor is responsible for defining the k_mod- values

è Only for extreme cases (almost no temperature stress) applies:

k_mod(medium) = 0,43

Example: SZR temperature differences in summer < approx. 2 K and in winter > approx. -4 K. For this case, the stress from air pressure change can become greater than from temperature change. Otherwise applies k_mod(medium) = 0,58.

è The adjusted values in the defaults remain until they are changed again.